The Concept Of Farm Mechanization

Mechanized agriculture is that the method of using agricultural machinery to mechanize the work of agriculture, greatly increasing agriculture productivity. In nowadays, hopped-up machinery has replaced several farm jobs at one time dispensed by manual labour or by operating animals such as oxen, horses, and mules.

The entire chronicle of farming contains several units of the using of tools and machinery, like the combine harvest, rotavator, plough etc, however, the continued combination of machines since the industrial revolution has allowed farming to become a lot of limited effortful.

Modern mechanized agriculture includes the commissioning of tractors, Plough, Combine harvesters, incalculable sorts of farm tools increase yields production. The question is how to measure farm mechanization?

Farm Mechanization is indicated in the following ways:

1. Farm power per unit area
2. The ratio of mechanical power over total farm power
3. Energy ratio

1. Farm Power Per Unit Area:-

One of the ways of observing mechanization is by the availability of farm energy per unit area i.e. kw/ha. Farm power availability was 0.25 in 1950- 1951 and it grew to 1.35 (2000-2001). It is acceptable to have 2.00 kW/ha farm power by 2020.

2. Ratio of Mechanical Power over Total Farm Power:-

Mechanization indicator has been expressed as ratio of mechanical power over total power used in farm. This is expressed as follows in percentage-

Mi = Mp/ Ap +Mp

Where,

Mi = Mechanization indicator

MP = Mechanical power used on the farm

AP = Animate (Human + Animal) power used on the farm.

This ratio has increased from 3.6 to 80% during 1950-51 to 1995-1996

3. Energy Ratio:-

In many grown countries, a wide gap exists among created infrastructure and actual utilization of energy. Hence ratio of actual utilized mechanical energy and total energy (Human + Animal + Mechanical) is an indicator of Mechanization. Energy is calculated in MJ/ha.

Farm mechanization is the utilisation of various types of machinery and other agricultural implements through the production, transport and processing of farming products. Concentrated agriculture requires the application of different machinery that saves time and effort in fieldwork. Automation gives higher cropping intensity, practical uses of irrigation facilities, modern sowing, collection, and transportation of inputs to the fields. 

Mechanization was one among the massive factors responsible for urbanization and industrial economies. Besides up product dominion, automation encourages giant scale production and generally will improve the standard of farm manufacture. On the opposite hand, it will displace unskilled farm labour and might cause environmental degradation (such as pollution, deforestation, and soil erosion), particularly if it’s applied shortsightedly instead of holistically.

reference - fieldking | Beroni | Farmease |