Either a Seed Drill or Cultivator Seed Drill depending on
what is being seeded or there are differences between each of these.
An Ordinary
Seed Drill
A Seed Drill is a machine used to plant small grain in
evenly spaced rows, or drills. The machine forms a series of shallow drains
into which it drops the seeds at a pre-selected distance from each other and
then covers them with a uniform layer of soil.
- Before Seed Drills, the seed was broadcast (or scattered) over the surface of the ground by hand. A harrow or drag was then pulled over the surface to cover the seeds.
Seed Drills and seed cultivators are key components in
successful plantings. They are complex machines that deliver seed at a metered
rate, place it at a consistent depth in the soil, and produce light compaction
to provide good seed to soil contact. Cultivators and drills come in many
different forms with varying strengths and weaknesses depending on the seed
being used and the condition of the planting site. Some require prepared
seedbeds, others require little to no seedbed preparation, and others are
capable of preparing the seedbed and planting in a single pass.
Seed Drills and cultivators, regardless of type; operating in
the same basic fashion. Seed is held in a box while a mechanism driven by the
ground wheels or disks drops seed at a metered rate. The seed falls to the soil
surface where some form of compaction seals it in the ground.
The seed is typically delivered from the seedbox through
drop tubes to a set of disc-shaped “V” openers where it falls into a slice in
the soil left by the openers before being covered and sealed with some form of
compaction device.
Standard Seed Drills are typically the most common cultivators
available. These cultivators place the seeds in narrow rows approximately 6 to
8 inches apart. They are most commonly used for seeding pastures and planting
cereal grain crops such as wheat, oats, and rye.
Corn cultivators are a little different, they utilize the same concept, the seeds are bigger for one thing and the rows are spaced
further apart.
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